Guinness (/ˈɡɪnɪs/) iya nya stout ti bepun ari kilang bir Arthur Guinness ba St. James Gates, Dublin, Ireland. Diatu iya diempu kompeni pengaga ai irup alkohol multinasional ti bepalan di Britain, Diageo. Iya nyadi siti ari jenama arak ke pemadu mujur di serata dunya, diseduh ba urung 50 bengkah menua, lalu bisi ba lebih 120 bengkah.[2][3] Pengawa bejual ba taun 2011 manggai 850.000.000 liter.[2] Taja pan pengirup nurun kenyau ari taun 2001,[4] iya nya ai irup alkohol ti pemadu laku di Ireland[5] ketegal Kilang Bir Guinness & Co ngaga bir ti berega urung €2 billion ninting taun.

Guinness
Fail:Guinness logo dark text.svg
BansaStout (beer)
Kilang ngagaDiageo
Menua asal Ireland
Alcohol by volume 4.2%
Black (officially described as very dark ruby-red)[1]
Dry
VarianGuinness 0.0
Guinness Cold Brew Coffee Beer
Guinness Original
Guinness West Indies Porter
Laman webguinness.com

Guinness Guinness nyadi palan dagang temuai ba St. James Gates kenyau maya dibuka dalam taun 2000, iya udah nerima lebih 20 juta iku temuai.

Asai Guinness tu datai ari barli malt enggau barli panggang ti enda dimalt; barli ti enda dimalt nya penambah ti chukup moden ti nyadi sebagi ari grist ba tengan abad ke-20. Betaun-taun, sebagi ari ai bir ke udah tuai dichampur enggau bir ke baru diseduh ngambika meri asai asid laktik ke tajam. Taja pan palate Guinness agi bisi ngembuan ciri "tang", kompeni nya udah enggai ngesahka sekalika bansa pengawa nyampur tu agi nyadi. Pala bir draf ti tebal sereta bechura krim nya datai ari pengawa nyampur bir nya enggau nitrogen sereta karbon dioksida.[6]

Kompeni nya mindahka indu opis iya ngagai London ba pun perang dagang Anglo-Irland dalam taun 1932. Dalam taun 1997, Guinness plc begempung enggau Grand Metropolitan lalu numbuhka kompeni pengeluar ai irup alkohol mayuh bansa Diageo plc, ti bepalan di London.

Malin

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  1. Guinness Draught. Guinness'. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Templat:Cite press release
  3. "Why Guinness is less Irish than you think". The Economist. 16 March 2014. Diarkib ari asal ba 28 November 2019. Diambi 13 July 2017.
  4. Fabb, Debbie (23 November 2007). "Last orders for Guinness?". BBC News. Diarkib ari asal ba 31 August 2017. Diambi 23 September 2010.
  5. Barry, Dan (28 August 2000). "In Ireland's Pubs, a Startling Trend". Lisdoonvarna Journal. The New York Times. Diarkib ari asal ba 11 December 2019. Diambi 10 April 2008. ...  Guinness stout remains the best-selling alcoholic beverage in Ireland, over the last year its consumption here has declined by nearly 4 percent.
  6. Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama ForeignExtraStout